Initial commit

LICENSE

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+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) [year] [fullname]
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

Makefile

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+# Compiler Flags
+CC := gcc
+CFLAGS := -g -Wall -Wextra -Werror -pedantic -fsanitize=address,undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+export ASAN_OPTIONS = allocator_may_return_null=1
+# Directory variables 
+LIBDIR := lib
+OBJ := obj
+INC := include
+SRC := src
+TEST := tests
+
+# Filepath Pattern Matching
+LIB := $(LIBDIR)/lib.a
+SRCS := $(wildcard $(SRC)/*.c)
+OBJS := $(patsubst $(SRC)/%.c, $(OBJ)/%.o, $(SRCS))
+TESTS := $(wildcard $(TEST)/*.c)
+TESTBINS := $(patsubst $(TEST)/%.c, $(TEST)/bin/%, $(TESTS))
+
+# Commands must be labeled PHONY
+.PHONY: all release clean test
+
+# Compiler Release Flags 
+release: CFLAGS := -Wall -Wextra -Werror -pedantic -fsanitize=address,undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer -O2 -DNDEBUG
+release: clean $(LIB)
+
+# Target for compilation.
+all: $(LIB)
+
+# Target / Dependencies
+$(LIB): $(OBJS) | $(LIBDIR)
+	$(RM) $(LIB)
+	ar -cvrs $@ $^
+
+$(OBJ)/%.o: $(SRC)/%.c $(SRC)/%.h | $(OBJ)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJ)/%.o: $(SRC)/%.c | $(OBJ)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+$(TEST)/bin/%: $(TEST)/%.c $(LIB) | $(TEST)/bin
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< $(LIB) -o $@
+
+# Make directories if none. 
+$(LIBDIR):
+	mkdir $@
+
+$(INC):
+	mkdir $@
+
+$(OBJ):
+	mkdir $@
+
+$(TEST)/bin:
+	mkdir $@
+
+# Run the tests in the bin folder and track results
+test: $(LIB) $(TEST)/bin $(TESTBINS)
+	@SUCCESS_COUNT=0; FAILURE_COUNT=0; \
+	for test in $(TESTBINS); do \
+	./$$test; \
+		EXIT_CODE=$$?; \
+		TEST_NAME=$(notdir $$test); \
+		if [ $$EXIT_CODE -eq 0 ]; then \
+			echo "\033[0;32m$$TEST_NAME: EXIT CODE: $$EXIT_CODE (SUCCESS)\033[0m"; \
+			SUCCESS_COUNT=$$((SUCCESS_COUNT + 1)); \
+		else \
+			echo "\033[0;31m$$TEST_NAME: EXIT CODE: $$EXIT_CODE (FAILURE)\033[0m"; \
+			FAILURE_COUNT=$$((FAILURE_COUNT + 1)); \
+		fi; \
+	done; \
+	echo "\n\nTests completed"; \
+	echo "SUCCESS: $$SUCCESS_COUNT"; \
+	echo "FAILURE: $$FAILURE_COUNT";
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) -r $(LIBDIR) $(OBJ) $(TEST)/bin/

README.md

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+# mem    
+
+## Description
+Simple memory allocator written in C.
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [Description](#description)
+- [Features](#features) 
+- [Usage](#usage)
+- [Credits / Resources](#credits--resources)
+- [License](#license)
+
+## Features / TODOS
+- [x] Try / Catch 
+- [x] Versatile Error Handling
+
+## Usage
+`make` to build.<br>
+`make test` to build and run tests. ASAN allocator may fail option is turned on to showcase failure handling.<br>
+
+## Credits / Resources
+[Memory Allocation Strategies - Ginger Bill](https://www.gingerbill.org/series/memory-allocation-strategies/)<br>
+[Arena allocator tips and tricks - Chris Wellons](https://nullprogram.com/blog/2023/09/27/)<br>
+[C Interfaces and Implementations](https://github.com/drh/cii)<br>
+
+## License
+This project is licensed under MIT - see the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.

include/except.h

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+#ifndef EXCEPT_INCLUDED
+#define EXCEPT_INCLUDED
+
+#include <setjmp.h>
+#define UNUSED(x) (void)(x)
+
+struct Exception {
+	const char *reason;
+};
+typedef struct Exception Exception;
+
+struct ExceptFrame {
+	struct ExceptFrame *prev;   // Exception Stack
+	jmp_buf env;                // Enviroment Buffer
+    	const char *file;           // Exception File
+	int line;                   // Exception Line
+	const Exception *exception; // Exception Reason
+};
+typedef struct ExceptFrame ExceptFrame;
+
+// Exception States 
+enum { EXCEPT_ENTERED=0, EXCEPT_RAISED, EXCEPT_HANDLED, EXCEPT_FINALIZED};
+
+void except_raise(const Exception *e, const char *file,int line); // Raise exceptions
+
+// External declarations 
+extern ExceptFrame *except_stack; // Global exception stack
+extern const Exception assert_failed; // Forward declaration for assert. 
+extern void asserted(int e);
+
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+#define ASSERTED(e) ((void)0)
+#else
+#define ASSERTED(e) ((void)((e)||(RAISE(assert_failed),0)))
+#endif
+
+// Raise an Exception.
+#define RAISE(e) except_raise(&(e), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+
+// Reraise the currect exception.
+#define RERAISE except_raise(except_frame.exception, \
+	except_frame.file, except_frame.line)
+
+// Switch to the previous exception frame and return.
+#define RETURN switch (except_stack = except_stack->prev,0) default: return
+
+// Start a try block.
+#define TRY do { \
+	volatile int except_flag; \
+	ExceptFrame except_frame; \
+	except_frame.prev = except_stack; \
+	except_stack = &except_frame;  \
+	except_flag = setjmp(except_frame.env); \
+	if (except_flag == EXCEPT_ENTERED) {
+
+// Handle specific example.
+#define EXCEPT(e) \
+		if (except_flag == EXCEPT_ENTERED) except_stack = except_stack->prev; \
+	} else if (except_frame.exception == &(e)) { \
+		except_flag = EXCEPT_HANDLED;
+
+// Catch all other exceptions.        
+#define ELSE \
+		if (except_flag == EXCEPT_ENTERED) except_stack = except_stack->prev; \
+	} else { \
+		except_flag = EXCEPT_HANDLED;
+
+// Execute finalization code.        
+#define FINALLY \
+		if (except_flag == EXCEPT_ENTERED) except_stack = except_stack->prev; \
+	} { \
+		if (except_flag == EXCEPT_ENTERED) \
+			except_flag = EXCEPT_FINALIZED;
+
+// End Try block.         
+#define END_TRY \
+		if (except_flag == EXCEPT_ENTERED) except_stack = except_stack->prev; \
+		} if (except_flag == EXCEPT_RAISED) RERAISE; \
+} while (0)
+
+#endif

include/mem.h

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+#ifndef MEM_INCLUDED
+#define MEM_INCLUDED
+
+#include "except.h" // Exceptions
+#include <stddef.h> // size_t
+
+/* General Macros*/
+#define MEM_KB(x) ((size_t)(x) * 1024ULL)
+#define MEM_MB(x) ((size_t)(x) * 1024ULL * 1024ULL)
+#define MEM_GB(x) ((size_t)(x) * 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL)
+#define MEM_SIZE(x)    (ptrdiff_t)sizeof(x)
+#define MEM_COUNT(a)   (MEM_SIZE(a) / MEM_SIZE(*(a)))
+#define MEM_LEN(s)     (MEM_COUNT(s) - 1)
+
+/* Default behavior is to throw exceptions and zero out memory*/
+enum MemFlags {
+    NOZERO       = 1 << 0,  /* 0001 */
+    SOFT_FAIL    = 1 << 1,  /* 0010 */
+    HARD_FAIL    = 1 << 2,  /* 0100 */
+};
+
+extern const Exception OOM; // Out of memory
+
+extern void *mem_alloc (int flags, size_t nbytes, const char *file, int line);
+extern void mem_free(void *ptr, const char *file, int line);
+extern void *mem_resize(int flags, void *ptr, size_t nbytes, const char *file, int line);
+extern int mem_is_zero(const void *ptr, size_t nbytes);
+
+
+#define ALLOC(flags, nbytes)  mem_alloc((flags), (nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__)
+#define FREE(ptr) ((void)(mem_free((ptr), __FILE__, __LINE__), (ptr) = 0))
+#define RESIZE(flags, ptr, nbytes) 	((ptr) = mem_resize((flags), (ptr), \
+	(nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__))
+
+#endif

src/except.c

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+#include "../include/except.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+ExceptFrame *except_stack = NULL; // Global exception stack.
+const Exception assert_failed = { "Assertion Failure!" }; // If ASSERT fails.
+
+void except_raise(const Exception *e, const char *file,int line) {
+    // An exception was raised, grab the exception stack.
+	ExceptFrame *p = except_stack;
+    asserted(e != NULL);  // Ensure exception pointer is not NULL
+	if (p == NULL) { // Uncaught Exception
+        const char *msg = e->reason ? e->reason : "Uncaught Exception!"; 
+		fprintf(stderr,"\033[31m%s | Address: 0x%p | Raised at %s@%d \033[0m" ,msg,(void *)e,file,line);
+        fflush(stderr);
+        abort();
+    }
+   // Set the exception details to the current frame. 
+	p->exception = e; // Exception reason
+	p->file = file;
+	p->line = line;
+    // Move to the previous frame in the stack.
+	except_stack = except_stack->prev;
+    // Jump to the saved context environment.
+	longjmp(p->env, EXCEPT_RAISED);
+}
+void asserted(int e) {
+	ASSERTED(e);
+    UNUSED(e);
+}

src/mem.c

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+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "../include/except.h"
+#include "../include/mem.h"
+
+const Exception OOM = { "Out of Memory" };
+#define MEM_ENOMEM 12 
+
+void *mem_alloc(int flags, size_t nbytes, const char *file, int line){
+    void *ptr;
+    ASSERTED(nbytes > 0);
+    ptr = malloc(nbytes);
+    if (ptr == NULL){ // OOM check flags for how to handle.
+        if (flags & SOFT_FAIL) return 0;
+        if (flags & HARD_FAIL) exit(MEM_ENOMEM);
+
+        if (file == NULL) // Wasn't called by macro
+            RAISE(OOM); // Out of Memory Exception
+        else // Called by macro
+            except_raise(&OOM, file, line);
+    }
+    return flags&NOZERO ? ptr : memset(ptr, 0, nbytes);
+}
+
+void mem_free(void *ptr, const char *file, int line) {
+    UNUSED(file);
+    UNUSED(line);
+    if (ptr){
+        free(ptr);
+    }
+}
+
+void *mem_resize(int flags, void *ptr, size_t nbytes,const char *file, int line) {
+    ASSERTED(ptr);
+    ASSERTED(nbytes > 0);
+    ptr = realloc(ptr, nbytes);
+    if (ptr == NULL){ // OOM check flags for how to handle.
+        if(flags & SOFT_FAIL) return 0;
+        if(flags & HARD_FAIL) exit(MEM_ENOMEM);
+        
+        if (file == NULL) // Wasn't called by macro
+            RAISE(OOM); // Out of memory exception
+        else // Called by macro
+            except_raise(&OOM, file, line);
+    }
+    return ptr;
+}
+
+int mem_is_zero(const void *ptr, size_t nbytes) {
+    ASSERTED(ptr);
+    ASSERTED(nbytes > 0);
+    static const unsigned char zero_block[1024] = {0}; 
+    while (nbytes >= sizeof(zero_block)) {
+        if (memcmp(ptr, zero_block, sizeof(zero_block)) != 0)
+            return 0;
+        ptr = (const unsigned char *)ptr + sizeof(zero_block);
+        nbytes -= sizeof(zero_block);
+    }
+    if (nbytes > 0 && memcmp(ptr, zero_block, nbytes) != 0)
+        return 0;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+

tests/01_malloc.c

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+#define DEBUG
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "../include/mem.h"
+
+int main(void){
+    size_t nbytes = 20;
+    void *ptr = ALLOC(0, nbytes);
+    ASSERTED(ptr != NULL);
+    ASSERTED( mem_is_zero(ptr, nbytes));
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

tests/02_calloc.c

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+#define DEBUG
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "../include/mem.h"
+
+int main(void){
+    size_t nbytes = 20;
+    void *ptr = ALLOC(NOZERO, nbytes);
+    ASSERTED(ptr != NULL);
+    ASSERTED( !mem_is_zero(ptr, nbytes));
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

tests/03_malloc_softfail.c

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+#define DEBUG
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include "../include/mem.h"
+
+int main(void){
+    size_t nbytes = MEM_GB(1024);
+    void *ptr = ALLOC(SOFT_FAIL, nbytes);
+    ASSERTED(ptr == NULL);
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

tests/04_malloc_exception.c

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+#define DEBUG
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "../include/mem.h"
+
+int main(void){
+    size_t nbytes = MEM_GB(1024);
+    void *buf;
+    TRY {
+        buf = ALLOC(0,nbytes); /* try 1GB */
+        if (!buf)
+            RAISE(OOM);
+        free(buf);
+    }
+    EXCEPT(OOM) {
+        /* handle memory failure gracefully */
+        fprintf(stderr, "Caught: %s\n", OOM.reason);
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS; /* requested behavior */
+    }
+    FINALLY {
+        /* cleanup if needed, runs always */
+        if (buf) free(buf);
+    }
+    END_TRY;
+
+    return EXIT_FAILURE; /* shouldn't reach here for this example */
+  }

tests/_

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+#define DEBUG
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "../include/mem.h"
+#include <unistd.h>
+int main(void){
+    size_t count = 20;
+    size_t nbytes = sizeof(int32_t) * count;
+    struct Arena_Type mem = ARENA_TYPE(HARD_FAIL, ARENA_INT_32, count); 
+    ASSERTED(mem.buf.beg != NULL);
+    ASSERTED( mem_is_zero(mem.buf.beg, nbytes));
+    ASSERTED( (size_t)(mem.buf.end - mem.buf.beg) == nbytes);
+    size_t size =  (size_t)(mem.buf.end - mem.buf.beg);
+    ASSERTED(mem.header.type != arena_id_to_header[ARENA_UINT_32]);
+    ASSERTED(mem.header.type == arena_id_to_header[ARENA_INT_32]);
+    ASSERTED(mem.was_malloc == 1);
+    (void) size; 
+    /*
+    printf("Bytes: %ld\t Alignment: %ld\t Type_Size: %ld\t Type_ID: %d\t Type_Header:%c\n", 
+            size, size/count, size/count, mem.header.type, mem.header.type);
+    */
+    unsigned char *ptr = mem.buf.beg;
+    int32_t *arr = ARENA_ALLOC(0, &mem.buf, sizeof(int32_t), sizeof(int32_t), count);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++){
+        arr[i] = rand();
+    }
+    ASSERTED(ptr != NULL);
+
+    char template[] = "/tmp/intfileXXXXXX";
+    int fd;
+    fd = mkstemp(template);
+    write(fd, ptr, nbytes);
+    lseek(fd,0,SEEK_SET);
+    unsigned char buf[nbytes];
+    ssize_t bytesread = read(fd, buf, nbytes);
+    printf("Read %ld bytes\n",bytesread);
+    free(ptr);   
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}